10 Best Retinol Serums of 2025

We Picked Out the 10 Best Retinol Serums to Treat Signs of Aging

These days, it’s hard to find a facial anti-aging product without some kind of acid in it. Retinol, which is pure vitamin A and contains retinoic acid as its active ingredient, is one of the most effective anti-aging treatments available on the market. “I think retinol should be in the water,” says Angela Lamb, MD, a dermatologist and associate professor at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City. “As far as proven efficacy, as it relates to maintaining collagen, elastin, skin glow, skin cell turnover, it’s the one that the most research has been done on.” Dr. Lamb says retinoids, which is the umbrella term for any vitamin A-derived product that contains or converts to retinoic acid, are one of her top recommendations for patients looking for anti-aging products for their skin. It’s also great at fighting acne, and can even smooth out acne scars and improve skin texture.

Retinol typically comes in a cream or a serum that should be applied at night. We’ve focused on the serums here, which should always be layered together with a moisturizer when applied. The beauty of a serum is that if you’ve already got a favorite nighttime moisturizer you love, adding a serum before or after you moisturize is a great way to bring retinol into the mix without completely changing up your skin-care routine. Read on for some of our favorite retinol serums.

Our Top Picks for the Best Retinol Serums

Retinol serum

Best for Beginners

Ultraceuticals Ultra A Perfecting Serum Mild

Pros

  • Encapsulated with retinome to improve absorption
  • 3 strengths available for slow introduction to retinol
  • Free online consultation for beginners

Cons

  • Relatively expensive
  • May have a medicinal scent to some

Key Specs

  • Retinol percentage: 0.2% retinol
  • Size: 1.01 oz
  • Suitable for beginners? Yes

Ultraceuticals' Ultra A Perfecting Serum line comes in three different strengths, with the mild serum, intended as an introduction to retinol, clocking in at a modest 0.2 percent. Retinol is encapsulated with its signature Retinome technology, ensuring that antioxidants and penetration enhancers surround each molecule of retinol to increase its absorption into the skin.

The serum also contains several ingredients that work with the retinol to improve your skin, including peptides, hyaluronic acid, and microcollagen, which all reduce signs of aging and increase moisture content, as well as saccharide isomerate, an ocean algae known to plump and smooth skin.

After using up a bottle of the mild serum, Ultraceuticals recommends leveling up to their normal strength, which contains 0.4 percent retinol, while their highest concentration serum contains 0.6 percent retinol. They also offer a free online consultation if you’d like a little more guidance starting out.

We found in our research that some users complained of a medicinal smell when using this product, and it can be quite pricey. However, we like the slow introduction to retinol, as well as the extra guidance for those who haven’t used it before.

Best for Fast Results

Medik8 Crystal Retinal 1 to 24

$58.50 at Amazon
$65Now 10% Off

Pros

  • Comes in 6 different strengths for different levels of retinol experience
  • Combines hyaluronic acid, vitamin E, and glycerin for hydration and skin nourishment
  • Encapsulated for gentler absorption

Cons

  • Should be introduced slowly
  • Strong potential for irritation with higher percentage formulas

Key Specs

  • Retinol percentage: 0.01% to 0.24% retinal (equal to about 0.1% to 2.4% retinol)
  • Size: 1 oz
  • Suitable for beginners? Yes
Medik8’s Crystal Retinal serum comes in six different strengths, ranging from Sensitive, with 0.01 percent retinal, to Expert, which contains 0.24 percent retinal. Retinaldehyde (retinal for short) is a different retinoid than retinol, and it’s much closer to becoming retinoic acid, which is why a little goes a long way. This is also why it's faster acting — up to 11 times faster, according to Medik8 — than retinol. As far as side effects, retinal was found to have the same low irritation potential as retinol, so there’s no reason not to take advantage of this more potent, faster-acting retinoid.

“[I] was impressed with how well it absorbed and how glowing it left my skin,” says Jill Di Donato, an Everyday Health writer who tested this product. The company recommends that beginners with normal skin start with their Crystal 3 serum, while those with sensitive skin should begin with the Crystal 1. You may not ever get to the “expert” Retinal 24 concentration, which is one of the most powerful serums on our list; your skin might be better off maintaining at a lower concentration. Medik8’s retinal is double encapsulated, which allows it to be released gradually throughout the night, which may help protect the skin from irritation. This line has a large and well-deserved fan base: it’s won over 30 awards globally.

Best for Maintaining Moisture Barrier

Iope Retinol Super Bounce Serum

$47.50 at Amazon
$50Now 5% Off

Pros

  • 4 different types of retinoids help maximize absorption and efficacy
  • Contains probiotics to keep skin’s microbiome healthy
  • Developed in a leading research institute
  • Excellent for glowy, “bouncy” skin

Cons

  • May not be highly effective on fine lines and wrinkles
  • Comes in a breakable ceramic container

Key Specs

  • Retinol percentage: 1% total
  • Size: 1.01 oz
  • Suitable for beginners? Yes

If you tend to veer towards Korean beauty products, we get it. Korea is to skin care what France is to wine — they set the bar high, and continue to maintain it. Every product from Iope is developed in the Skin Science Research Center, one of the leading centers for makeup development in Korea, where Iope has been researching retinol since 1997.

Iope’s retinol serum actually contains four different retinoids: In addition to pure retinol, there’s encapsulated retinol, as well as bio-seletinoid, which is known to have brightening effects, and granactive retinoid (also called HPR), which, once encapsulated, can be gentler on the skin than retinol and still highly effective.

This formula is intended to give you “bouncy skin,” balanced out by plenty of other skin-strengthening ingredients, including lactobacillus ferment lysate, which is a byproduct of the same Lactobacillus bacteria that keeps our insides healthy. In a skin serum, this stuff helps keep your skin’s microbiome, and thus your skin barrier, healthy.

Our research found that while many users saw skin improvements while using this product, not all saw major results on their fine lines and wrinkles. It’s also worth noting that this comes in a ceramic container, which, while beautiful, is breakable, so users, be careful.

Best Dermatologist Recommended

RoC Retinol Correxion Night Serum Capsules

$23.72 at Amazon
$32.99Now 28% Off

Pros

  • Dermatologist recommended
  • Contains ceramides and antioxidants to nourish and protect skin
  • Noticeably smoother skin after only a few days of use

Cons

  • Low concentration of retinol

Key Specs

  • Retinol percentage: 0.1%
  • Size: 0.35 oz (30 capsules)
  • Suitable for beginners? Yes

Lamb recommends this retinol serum by name, and it also comes highly recommended by Kim Kardashian. “It feels nice going on your skin and absorbs well — almost like a facial oil,” says Caitlin Beale, writer at Everyday Health. “My skin definitely felt soft and smooth both after application and the next morning. … Looking at my before and after photos, it appears that my skin is a little more even than the initial picture. I took a break from my usual anti-aging products and still felt like it did a good job, which is great because it’s much more affordable.” Overall, the formula has a reputation for being highly effective with minimal irritation.

RoC’s retinol is encapsulated on a molecular level, and also comes in handy individual-use capsules, which help keep the retinol fresh, stable, and individually sealed prior to use. The formula also contains ceramides, which have been shown to help repair skin barriers and address pigmentation issues, as well as antioxidants that protect the skin from environmental stresses and can help prevent signs of aging.

Best for Discoloration

La Roche-Posay Pure Retinol Face Serum with Vitamin B3

$44.99 at Amazon

Pros

  • Vitamin B3 helps reduce irritation
  • Hyaluronic acid helps moisturize
  • Suitable for sensitive skin
  • Uses the most powerful concentration recommended for beginners (0.3%)

Cons

  • Some found the scent unpleasant
  • Caused slight irritation around the eyes of our tester

Key Specs

  • Retinol percentage: 0.3% retinol
  • Size: 1 oz
  • Suitable for beginners? Yes
A healthy dose of vitamin B3, also called niacinamide, is a great way to mitigate the irritation that might be caused by retinol.

According to a study published in 2023, B3 is useful in cosmetics due to its “anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and barrier as well as for its photo-protective properties.” The study emphasizes that most of the excitement around niacinamide, and thus most of the research done on it, focuses on its outstanding ability to fight inflammation, making it perfectly suited to offset a known irritant like retinol.


“I did experience a bit of burning around my eyes, but I also have very sensitive skin,” says Natasha Caleel, a writer at Everyday Health who tested this product. She adds that this often happens to her with retinol products. “If I was careful not to put it too close to my eyes, then it was totally fine! It didn't cause any redness or flaking on my already dry skin,” she says. Caleel found the application easy as well. “It has some powerhouse ingredients that could really benefit someone with fine lines or sun damage,” she says.

Best for All Skin Types

Peter Thomas Roth Retinol Fusion PM

$61.75 at Amazon
$65Now 5% Off

Pros

  • Gentle yet potent formula gets results without major irritation
  • Encapsulated formula helps reduce irritation
  • Contains antioxidants to protect skin

Cons

  • Serum is slow to absorb
  • Feels slightly greasy on skin


    Key Specs

    • Retinol percentage: 1.5% encapsulated retinol (less effective than pure retinol)
    • Size: 1 oz
    • Suitable for beginners? Yes

    Peter Thomas Roth Retinol Fusion PM uses only encapsulated retinol, which means each molecule of retinol is surrounded by a protective coating that slows down the rate at which your skin can use it. This time-released formula reduces the irritation of retinol. Pure retinol can be more irritating, as it is applied all at once without a time release, which can lead to side effects such as inflammation and redness. Encapsulated retinol is also less drying to your skin, making this a good choice for sensitive or dry skin, as well as for beginners.

    There’s also a lot of excellent hydrating ingredients in this formula, such as antioxidants vitamins C and E, which help support the skin barrier, as well as squalane, which helps to hydrate.

    DiDonato had one issue with this serum while testing it — she didn’t enjoy the application. “The consistency feels oily, making absorption slower for me,” she says. “I wouldn’t let the consistency deter me from buying this product because the microencapsulated retinol leaves my skin soft and smooth in the morning. I did not experience any drying or tightness, so I feel good about it as a choice for people [of] all skin types.”

    Best for Wrinkles

    Paula's Choice Clinical 1% Retinol Treatment

    $61.75 at Amazon
    $65Now 5% Off

    Pros

    • Contains vitamin C, effectively combining 2 skin-care products into 1
    • High concentration of pure retinol
    • Suitable for all skin types
    • Contains peptides to promote retinol tolerance 

      Cons

      • Slightly greasy feel
      • Some find the scent unappealing

      Key Specs

      • Retinol percentage: 1%
      • Size: 1 oz
      • Suitable for beginners? No

      This is the middle-strength retinol serum from Paula’s Choice. The company makes a more powerful “pro” retinal formula, as well as a milder formula for sensitive skin. “This is another product that’s made its way into my nightly routine for over a year now,” DiDonato says of this product. “It’s a keeper because it’s visibly diminishing the ‘11’ sign in my forehead, and I haven’t experienced any irritation.”

      Paula’s Choice also has some unconventional views about application. Its website encourages daytime use of any retinol, which is usually considered a no-no, since it is reactive to sunlight, which can lead to sunburn. But this skin-care company claims it’s okay, as long as it’s under sunscreen. This serum also contains vitamin C. Mixing vitamin C with retinol is also pretty uncommon, as conventional wisdom says vitamin C is for daytime, and retinol is for nighttime. However, Paula’s Choice cites scientific studies stating they work better together. So if you’d rather have one serum to rule them all, this is the one.

      Best for Sensitive Skin

      Kiehl's Retinol Skin Renewing Daily Micro-Dose Serum

      $85.50 at Amazon
      $95Now 10% Off

      Pros

      • Gentle formula unlikely to cause irritation
      • Peptides and ceramides help keep skin healthy
      • Can be used daily from day 1

      Cons

      • Mild formula may have less noticeable or slower results
      • Product may fall and shatter if picked up by the cap

      Key Specs

      • Retinol percentage: 0.1%
      • Size: 1 oz
      • Suitable for beginners? Yes

      Kiehl’s microdose serum is a humble 0.1 percent retinol, making it the least potent serum on our list. If you’re interested in trying out retinol on your sensitive skin, this is one of the gentlest introductions you can find. It claims to be suitable for daily use right out of the gate, so it's also a good choice for beginners looking to jump right into a daily routine.

      The serum is balanced out with ceramides, which help protect the skin barrier and increase your skin’s ability to tolerate retinol. It’s also packed with peptides, which stimulate the skin to produce collagen and elastin, leading to smoother, firmer skin.

      Just because it’s a gentle microdose does not mean it isn’t effective. Our research found a high level of satisfaction with the serum’s effectiveness in diminishing wrinkles and improving skin tone.

      Best for Dry Skin

      Elizabeth Arden Retinol + HPR Ceramide Capsules

      $53.20 at Amazon
      $56Now 5% Off

      Pros

      • Specifically formulated to counteract dryness
      • Stabilized for daytime use
      • Potent yet gentle combination of retinol and hydroxypinacolone retinoate (HPR)
      • Quick acting
      • Contains ceramides to help strengthen skin

      Cons

      • Some users report capsules contain more serum than needed

      Key Specs

      • Retinol percentage: 4% retinol plus HPR
      • Size: 0.47 oz (30 capsules)
      • Suitable for beginners? No
      Elizabeth Arden’s serum contains retinol and HPR, a next-generation retinoid that is considered highly potent, yet still very gentle. In a recent study on 16 next-generation retinoids, “the stability of the newer hydroxypinacolone retinoate (HPR) was the most prominent.”

       This outstanding stability means this retinoid won’t degrade or react as much to sunlight, while still being highly effective. Arden boasts a powerful 4 percent retinol plus HPR concentration, though it doesn’t tell us how much of this is retinol, and how much is HPR (as you can see from The Ordinary’s serum below, which uses 2 percent HPR, which translates to about 0.2 percent retinol in terms of potency). This product claims to be “the closest in activity to RX strength retinoic acid” and that its formula is “10 times more potent than pure retinol” while still being gentle enough for sensitive skin and suitable for daytime use.

      “I’ve been using this product for over a year and can tolerate the high concentration without any flakiness or irritation,” DiDonato says. “Plus, the capsules are great for travel, ensuring you stay consistent.” This serum also contains ceramides to protect the skin barrier, and the single-use capsules are not only travel-friendly, they keep the serum clean and ensure the right dosage with every use.

      Best Retinol Alternative

      The Ordinary Granactive Retinoid 2% Emulsion

      $12.10 at Amazon

      Pros

      • Affordably priced
      • Considered less irritating than retinol
      • Suitable for beginners

      Cons

      • Less potent than retinol
      • Efficacy may plateau or diminish over time

      Key Specs

      • Retinol percentage: 2% granactive retinoid, about equal to 0.2% retinol
      • Size: 1 oz
      • Suitable for beginners: Yes
      Pure retinol, which is simply straight-up Vitamin A, is a tried-and-true standard in skin care, but many next-generation retinol alternatives, which are still retinoids, have been developed since. As one study explains, “Nanotechnology is used in the development of retinoids to counteract adverse reactions like skin irritation and purging to improve its stability, efficacy, and acceptability.”

       In other words, these newer retinoids can have all the same benefits of retinol, but are formulated to cause fewer side effects.
      One of the most popular of these is granactive retinoid, which is actually just a trade name for an ingredient that is 10 percent HPR — the same retinoid described above. So, a 2 percent serum like this one contains 0.2 percent HPR.

      Unlike the powerful serum listed above, this one has zero pure retinol. Granactive retinoid has a reputation for being well-tolerated by the skin, while still delivering the same level of efficacy as a retinol product. Granactive is a less concentrated retinoid than retinol, with some sources suggesting a 1:10 equivalent, making this serum approximately equivalent to a mild 0.2 percent retinol product. This product classifies itself as an emulsion, rather than a serum, meaning it is slightly thicker and more hydrating than a serum, making it great for users with dry skin.

      Comparison Table

      Superlative
      Percentage
      Size
      Suitable for Beginners?
      Best for beginners
      0.2% retinol
      1.01 oz
      Yes
      Best for fast results
      0.01% to 0.24% retinal (equal to about 0.1% to 2.4% retinol)
      1 oz
      Yes
      Best for maintaining moisture barrier
      Equal to 1% retinol (from 4 retinoids)
      1.01 oz
      Yes
      Best dermatologist recommended
      0.1% retinol
      0.35 oz (30 capsules)
      Yes
      Best for all skin types
      1.5% encapsulated retinol (less powerful than pure retinol)
      1 oz
      Yes
      Best for dry skin
      4% total retinol plus HPR retinoid (breakdown not disclosed)
      0.47 oz (30 capsules)
      No
      Best retinol alternative
      2% granactive retinoid, equal to about 0.2% retinol
      1 oz
      Yes

      How We Chose the Best Retinol Serums of 2025

      retinol serums
      Everyday Health

      To create our selection of the best retinol serums, we researched, tested, and collected expert feedback on a wide selection of retinol serums. We tested 6 of the 10 serums on this list along with several others that didn’t make the cut.

      We also reached out to Angela Lamb, MD, a dermatologist and associate professor at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, for her favorite serums and advice on best practices when using retinol.

      In our research, we considered important factors including concentration, types of retinoids included in the serum, additional beneficial ingredients, potential for irritation, impact on skin, and user feedback to create a list of what we consider to be the very best retinol serums of 2025.

      What to Look for When Buying Retinol Serum

      When shopping for a retinol serum, there are several things to consider while selecting a product. Choosing a formula that works well with your skin type, fits in your budget, and is formulated to achieve your goals will help ensure you’re satisfied with your pick.

      • Skin Type If you have sensitive skin, tread very carefully when choosing a retinol serum. Start with a formula that has a low concentration, and look for an encapsulated retinol or retinol alternative, like granactive retinoid, which is gentler on your skin. If you have normal skin and aren’t overly concerned about side effects, choosing a more potent or pure retinol formula may work for you and deliver faster results.
      • Budget Over-the-counter retinol serums come in a wide range of price points, and a more expensive product does not necessarily mean it is stronger or better. You can still get a potent, effective retinol serum for under $20. If you’re looking to treat yourself and want to shell out over $100 for a product, you’re likely to get something more meticulously formulated, with supporting ingredients to help maximize your skin’s health and overall appearance.
      • Goals While all retinoids have the same fundamental action on your skin, picking a formula that caters to your individual needs is still a good idea. For example, Iope’s formula is intended to achieve an overall glowy look, featuring probiotics to help nourish and protect the skin. In contrast, Paula’s Choice runs a higher risk of irritation but receives rave reviews for reducing fine lines.

      What’s the Best Way to Start a Retinol Regimen?

      While retinol serums are usually applied and left to dry before a moisturizer, Lamb advises clients just beginning a retinol routine to apply a retinol serum after moisturizing. “There's data that shows that it penetrates straight through. It’s going to work just as well,” she says. Even if you don’t have sensitive skin, it’s best to start just like making a brisket: low and slow. Use a mild concentration at first. Lamb advises applying retinol every other day, or even every third day, to let your skin adjust slowly. She also stresses the importance of properly using sunscreen and hats, as retinol can make your skin more prone to sunburn. Even if your skin isn’t sensitive, if you forget to wash off your retinol in the morning before going outside, or start out with too strong a formula, there is a good chance you’ll find yourself facing painful and unflattering side effects, such as sunburn, redness, inflammation, dryness, and more.

      There’s also evidence showing your application process can have an impact on how well retinol is absorbed. One study found that using a massage roller, like a jade roller, after application “had a significant influence on retinol skin penetration,” while massaging in the product in circular motions, with fingertips, had “little effect.”

      What’s the Difference Between Retinol, Retinal, Retinaldehyde, Tretinoin, and Other Kinds of Retinoids?

      “Retinoid” is an umbrella term for any vitamin A-derived compound that converts to retinoic acid, which is what can be absorbed and used by your skin. Retinol is pure vitamin A, while retinal, also called retinaldehyde, is already closer to retinoic acid, meaning it is more concentrated and absorbs into your skin more quickly.


      Tretinoin, which is available by prescription only, is pure retinoic acid. This matters when you’re looking at packaging: don’t compare percentages unless you’re comparing the exact same kind of retinoid. For example, a 2 percent granactive retinoid serum, like The Ordinary’s, is less potent than a 1 percent retinol serum, like Paula’s Choice, and both are weaker than a 0.24 percent retinal serum, like Medik8’s strongest Crystal serum.

      In addition to the type and concentration of the retinoid, additional ingredients in a serum can affect how quickly it breaks down and how well your skin receives it. So while the concentration and type of retinoid are important, they are not the only factors determining how much a serum will impact your skin.

      Why Isn’t High-Potency Retinol Available Over the Counter in the EU and Canada?

      The EU has placed a concentration limit of 0.3 percent retinol on face products sold over the counter (OTC), while Canada has a similar 1 percent concentration limit. However, there are no extra limits for prescription retinoids; the regulations on those are the same as they are in the Unite States. “I think that's fair,” Lamb says of these regulations on OTC retinol. “Definitely, people can kind of OD and all the things that I'm saying about applying moisturizer first, going slowly — I think it’s easily missed. So it's good to have a doctor overseeing your dosage,” she says. The limits are not due to retinoids themselves being considered dangerous by the EU, she explains, but as a way to prevent consumers from damaging their skin by improperly using powerful retinoids without supervision.

      FAQ

      What is encapsulated retinol?
      When a formula's retinol is encapsulated, this means on a molecular level — each molecule has been encased in a protective layer, often made of lipids or fatty acids. This protects the retinol, making it more stable, and also controls the release, thus increasing your skin’s tolerance. “What that means is it's formulated in such a way that it's gentle. It doesn't mean that it takes more steps to break it down,” says Lamb.
      Retinol isn’t for everyone. Some people with sensitive skin cannot tolerate it, and it can lead to negative side effects such as dryness, flaking, and irritation. It can also make skin more prone to sunburn. According to Lamb, even if you have normal skin, establishing a retinol routine takes time, with both the frequency of application and the potency of the retinol product gradually increasing as your skin adjusts.
      A retinol serum should be used with moisturizer, while a retinol cream typically already contains a moisturizer. If you already have a nighttime moisturizer you love, picking up a serum is going to allow you to keep using that moisturizer as part of your routine. Just be sure not to layer a retinol serum together with a moisturizer already containing retinol, or you run the risk of overapplying and causing an adverse reaction in your skin. If you’d rather have a one-and-done solution, a cream is your answer. 
      It depends what you’re prescribed and your diagnosis. Both over-the-counter and prescription retinoids can run the range of expense. You can get a prescription for tretinoin — that’s pure retinoic acid, which all these other retinoids transform into — online, if you want. RedboxRX charges $20 a month plus a $20 consultation fee, while Walgreens charges about $35 to $75 for an online visit with a dermatologist. However, keep in mind that tretinoin is more irritating than retinol and retinaldehyde. According to a study published in 2024, “tretinoin exerts severe side effects such as irritation, scaling, redness, dermatitis, and dryness. A first-generation retinoid, retinol provides an equal anti-aging benefit but with fewer side effects and reactions.”

      Why Trust Everyday Health

      We independently investigate and recommend products and services we believe will enrich the lives of our readers and meet their specific needs. You can trust our reviews because we do the legwork for you. Read more about why you can trust us.

      Mary Dennis

      Author

      Mary Dennis is a Singaporean American health and science writer based in New York. Her work has been published in the Beijinger, Nautilus, South China Morning Post, Motherly, and Verywell Mind.

      Her interest in covering mental health increased after the pandemic revealed our society's increasing need for care and information about how to manage our emotional health. She is passionate about maternal mental health issues in particular, and is the founder of Postpartum Brain, a website designed to educate and encourage people to learn more about perinatal mental health issues.

      Mary has a masters degree in science journalism from Columbia University.

      Jacquelyn Dosal

      Jacquelyn Dosal, MD

      Medical Reviewer

      Jacquelyn Dosal, MD, is a board-certified dermatologist practicing at The Dermatology House in Park City, Utah. Her areas of expertise include acne, rosacea, integrative treatments of inflammatory skin diseases, as well as laser treatment of the skin and injectables.

      Dr. Dosal writes cosmetic questions for the certifying exams for the American Board of Dermatology. She is also the deputy editor for the American Academy of Dermatology's podcast, Dialogues in Dermatology.

      Orlando de Guzman

      Fact-Checker

      Orlando de Guzman is a writer and editor with expertise in health and environmental news. He has a background in investigative and science journalism and has worked on documentary films about war and trauma, health, sanitation, and the changing climate around the world. His interest in health and medicine started after an early career as a medical and legal translator.

      De Guzman is a longtime health and fitness enthusiast who is interested in nutrition, diet, and mental health. He participates in endurance sports and cross-trains in several traditions of martial arts from Southeast Asia. De Guzman is interested in how the progressively complex movements of martial arts training can improve cognition and mental well-being, especially for those with PTSD and for those approaching middle age and beyond.

      De Guzman has a dual B.A. in communications and international studies from the University of Washington in Seattle. He is committed to factual storytelling and evidence-based reporting on critical choices that affect our planet.

      Nicole Bonaccorso

      Nicole Bonaccorso

      Editor

      Nicole Bonaccorso is a writer and editor with more than 12 years of journalism experience. She has been writing for Everyday Health since 2025, and has also been published on NBCNews.com, Treehugger, Verywell, Mashable, and Upworthy, among other publications.

      Nicole was also a senior editor at Weather.com for more than 11 years, covering everything from weather and climate change to health, science, and travel.

      In addition to writing, Nicole has also found a passion in helping new parents reach their breastfeeding goals and is working towards becoming a certified breastfeeding specialist.

      In her free time, Nicole enjoys hiking, camping, cooking, reading, and spending time outdoors with her two young sons, husband, and dog.

      EDITORIAL SOURCES
      Everyday Health follows strict sourcing guidelines to ensure the accuracy of its content, outlined in our editorial policy. We use only trustworthy sources, including peer-reviewed studies, board-certified medical experts, patients with lived experience, and information from top institutions.
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