Infectious Diseases Resource Center
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Infectious Diseases

Infectious diseases can occur when pathogenic microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites enter your body. Depending on the infection, you might experience symptoms such as fever, fatigue, aching muscles, diarrhea, and coughing.

 Treatments include different medications that target pathogens, as well as various other ways of managing specific symptoms. Vaccinations, sanitation, safe food prep, good hygiene, and safe sex practices are some of the many ways to reduce the spread of infectious diseases.

Common Questions & Answers

What are some common types of infectious diseases?

Common viral diseases include the common cold, influenza, viral gastroenteritis, and hepatitis. Common bacterial diseases include strep throat, salmonella, tuberculosis, whooping cough, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and urinary tract infections. Fungal infections such as ringworm, vaginal candidiasis, and thrush are also widespread.

Infectious diseases can be spread through bodily contact, droplets from coughing or sneezing, bodily fluids and waste, and shared utensils. Food, water, soil, sand, and surface contamination can transmit pathogens as well. Infectious diseases can also spread through bug bites, during medical procedures, and from mother to fetus.

Vaccines, good hygiene, sanitary food handling, and safe sex practices can prevent many infectious diseases. Protecting against bug bites, avoiding contact with others while you or they are sick, and regularly disinfecting shared surfaces and objects can also reduce infection risk.

Antibiotics treat bacterial infections. Different antibiotics attack different bacteria. However, some bacteria can become antibiotic-resistant if a person uses them too frequently or when they're unnecessary, thereby eliminating antibiotic options that can kill the bacteria. Use antibiotics as instructed to prevent this.

Antivirals interfere with viral replication and function, help your immune system work better, and reduce your body's number of active viruses, known as its viral load. However, most viruses clear up without antivirals.

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Resources
  1. Infectious Diseases. Mayo Clinic. February 18, 2022.
  2. Infectious Disease. leveland Clinic. June 6, 2022.

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