Gynecologic Surgery & Procedures Resource Center
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Gynecologic Surgery & Procedures

Gynecologic surgery is any surgical procedure involving the organs or structure of the female reproductive system, including the uterus, ovaries, cervix, vagina, vulva, and fallopian tubes. A gynecologist may refer you for gynecologic surgery for many reasons, such as treatment for tumors of the female reproductive system, chronic pain in the pelvis, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, fibroids, ovarian cysts, abnormal bleeding, or a prolapsed uterus. Procedures such as colposcopy or hysteroscopy aim to diagnose health problems, while others, like tubal ligation, serve as permanent birth control.

Discuss the benefits, risks, preparation, and aftercare of any procedure with your gynecologist.

FAQ

What are common gynecologic surgeries?

Gynecologic surgeries include hysteroscopy; different types of hysterectomies and oophorectomies; tubal ligation; dilatation and curettage; and the surgical removal of ovarian cysts, uterine fibroids, endometriosis tissue, and polyps.

The risks of gynecologic surgery vary depending on the procedure. However, the general risks of surgery apply to these procedures, including infections, excessive bleeding, and adverse reactions to anesthesia. Ask your gynecologist about the specific risks of any upcoming procedures.

Generally, you may feel pain for a few days after a hysterectomy, but pain relief medications can help. Try to avoid lifting objects that weigh over 20 pounds for around six weeks and putting anything inside your vagina for eight weeks.

A laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that uses small incisions and a camera to diagnose or treat conditions. Laparoscopy may help a doctor identify endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, fibroids, ectopic pregnancy, tumors, or scar tissue.

A gynecologist would perform a biopsy to diagnose abnormal tissue or cells in the reproductive organs. For example, they may collect tissue during a hysteroscopy or colposcopy and send them to test for cancerous cells.

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Resources
  1. Gynecology Surgery. Johns Hopkins.

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