We Asked RDs Which Vitamin B12 Supplements They Recommend — Here’s What They Said

We Asked RDs Which Vitamin B12 Supplements They Recommend — Here’s What They Said

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Vitamin B12, often called the "energy vitamin," is vital for our overall health. Studies show it helps boost our energy levels, supports DNA synthesis, and may even aid in cancer prevention. It also plays a key role in keeping our bones strong, improving our mood, and boosting our immune system.

Vitamin B12 deficiency can present in a variety of ways, including fatigue, heart palpitations, weight loss, depression, and infertility.

 The good news is, if you're younger than 60 and eat a varied diet, you're likely not deficient in vitamin B12. Only about 6 percent of people under 60 are.
But according to Alyssa Pacheco, RD, the PCOS Nutritionist, if you are older than 60, follow a strict vegetarian or vegan diet, have been taking a medication called metformin used to treat diabetes and (off-label) polycystic ovarian syndrome for more than four months, or live with inflammatory bowel disease, you may want to consider a blood test to check your B12 status.

If you come up short on B12 after getting your bloodwork, your doctor may recommend you take a supplement. To help you find the best B12 supplement, we reviewed more than 30 different B12s, consulted with three different registered dietitians, and compiled a list of our top 10 vitamin B12 supplements. Here is what the experts recommend.

Our Top Picks for Vitamin B12 Supplements

When to Consult Your Doctor

Vitamin and mineral supplements can help fill nutritional gaps in your diet, but if they’re not taken correctly, they can cause harm. That’s why it’s recommended that you talk to a healthcare provider before you start taking any new vitamin or supplement.

It’s also important to note that dietary supplements are not regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Be sure to look for third-party testing and certifications on your supplement, as this guarantees quality, purity, and accurate label claims. Third-party certifications to look out for include NSF International, USP, ConsumerLab, and Informed Choice.

Best Spray

Mary Ruth's Vitamin B12 spray

$47 at Walmart

Pros

  • Third-party tested
  • Certified USDA Organic and Clean Label Project
  • Vegan
  • Sugar and gluten-free
  • Easy to take form (spray)

Cons

  • Some may dislike the mixed berry flavor
  • Large dose per serving

Key Specs

  • Delivery form: Spray
  • Dosage: 2 sprays
  • Servings per container: 120
  • Price: $24
  • Third-party tested: Yes
Pacheco recommends Mary Ruth’s Organic Vitamin B12 spray as “it provides 1,500 micrograms (mcg) of methylated vitamin B12 per serving.” She says it’s great tasting and loves that it doesn’t contain any added sugar. Methylated B12, known as methylcobalamin, is a form of B12 that is the most bioavailable or best absorbed by the body.

 As B12 has many vital functions, it is important that we absorb as much as we can so that our body can utilize it as necessary.

With third-party certifications such as USDA Organic and the Clean Label Project, you can rest assured that what you see is what you get with Mary Ruth’s Organic Vitamin B12 spray. The product has been tested for environmental toxins and contaminants. These certifications guarantee that label claims are accurate. The spray form allows for a quick, easy way to ensure you meet your B12 needs if supplementation is required. Plus it’s available in two flavors: mixed berry and strawberry, though we weren’t a big fan of the mixed berry flavor in our testing.

It is important to note that the total dosage per two sprays (1,500 micrograms or mcg) is well above the recommended daily allowance (RDA) of 2.4 mcg for adults, which may seem concerning. Vitamin B12 is water soluble, and your body will use what it needs and excrete what it doesn’t through your urine. No upper limit (UL) is determined for vitamin B12 as there is a low potential for toxicity, and the body does not store excess amounts.

Best Liquid

Pure Encapsulations B12 Liquid

$20.40 at Amazon

Pros

  • Third-party tested
  • Certified non-GMO
  • Free of soy, dairy, gluten, and major allergens
  • Easy to take form (liquid)
  • Unflavored

Cons

  • Contains an alternative sweetener, stevia

Key Specs

  • Delivery form: Dropper
  • Dosage: 1 full dropper, 1–3 times per day
  • Servings per container: 30
  • Price: $20
  • Third-party tested: Yes

If you are anything like me, the fewer pills, the better, and I like liquid vitamins as a good option to have on hand. Pure Encapsulations B12 Liquid wins for best liquid B12 supplement. Being third-party tested for purity and potency, certified non-GMO, vegetarian, and free of soy, dairy, gluten, and major allergens, this liquid is one to look for if pills are not your thing.

Liquids can be a simple approach to taking your vitamins, as you can drop them directly into your mouth or mix them into a beverage. This supplement is unflavored and sweetened with stevia. Stevia is a zero-calorie plant extract that has gained popularity as an alternative to sugar.

 Unfortunately, some find that stevia has an unpleasant aftertaste. If you dislike the flavor of stevia, this may not be the supplement for you.

At a dose of 1,000 mcg of vitamin B12 per dropper, this does exceed the RDA for vitamin B12. A benefit of taking a liquid vitamin is that it’s relatively easier to adjust the dose, from a full dropper to a half dropper to a quarter dropper. It’s recommended to review all supplementation with a qualified healthcare provider to determine the best supplement dose for your needs.

Best Gummy

Nature Made Energy B12 Gummies

$5.41 at Amazon
$10.79Now 50% Off

Pros

  • Third-party tested
  • Certified USP
  • Free of gluten, artificial sweeteners, flavors, and high-fructose corn syrup
  • Easy to take form (gummy)
  • Dosage flexibility

Cons

  • Contains added sugar

Key Specs

  • Delivery form: Gummy
  • Dosage: 2 gummies
  • Servings per container: 40 or 75
  • Price: $10 or $17 (pending bottle size)
  • Third-party tested: Yes

Gummy vitamins can be another great alternative for someone who dislikes or struggles to swallow pills or tablets. Nature Made Energy B12 Gummies was our top pick for the gummy category. Not only are the gummies a nice berry flavor, but they are third-party tested and USP-verified, so you can trust the product is free from contaminants and the label claim is accurate. They are also free of gluten, artificial sweeteners, synthetic flavors, and high-fructose corn syrup.

Per the label, two gummies are the recommended serving size for an adult. This will provide 1,000 mcg of B12. This is easily split into two doses of one gummy each or even half the dose if 500 mcg daily is recommended to meet your needs.

Like most gummies, these contain added sugars, specifically, 2 grams (g) per serving or 1 g per gummy. While this will contribute to your daily added sugar intake, it’s a relatively small amount compared with the 50 g daily maximum recommended by the FDA.

Best Low-Dose

Carlyle Vitamin B12, 100 mcg

$6.99 at Amazon
$8.22Now 15% Off

Pros

  • Third-party tested
  • Certified non-GMO and USDA Organic
  • Free of gluten, dairy, soy, artificial colors, flavors and preservatives
  • Low-dose option

Cons

  • Tablet form is not for everyone

Key Specs

  • Delivery form: Tablet
  • Dosage: 1 tablet
  • Servings per container: 200
  • Price: $9.99
  • Third-party tested: Yes

For those requiring only a small amount of supplemental B12 daily to meet their needs, Carlyle Vitamin B12 100 mcg is a good option. As we noted earlier, the risk of toxicity with vitamin B12 is low because it’s water soluble. That being said, if you’re only slightly deficient, you don’t want to waste your money on a high-dose option when your body will use only what it needs and excrete the rest.

Carlyle Vitamin B12 100 mcg is third-party tested and certified non-GMO and organic. The low-dose option is free of gluten, soy, dairy, artificial colors, flavors, and preservatives, providing a high-quality vegan supplement without unnecessary fillers.

Many people like tablet supplements because they’re compact form and easy to swallow; but some complain that tablets disintegrate quickly and can leave a bad aftertaste, unlike a capsule.

Best Lozenge

Life Extension Vitamin B12 Lozenges

$7.12 at Amazon
$7.50Now 5% Off

Pros

  • Third-party tested
  • Certified non-GMO and registered with NSF International
  • Gluten-free
  • Lozenge can be chewed or allowed to dissolve

Cons

  • Contains sugar alcohols
  • A vanilla flavor, which some may not like

Key Specs

  • Delivery form: Lozenge
  • Dosage: 1 lozenge
  • Servings per container: 60
  • Price: $7.50
  • Third-party tested: Yes
A lozenge form of supplementation may be preferred by those who have difficulty absorbing vitamin B12, such as older adults with lower intrinsic factor. Intrinsic factor (IF) is a protein in our stomach lining that helps with B12 absorption in our intestines.

 The production of IF naturally declines as we age, putting those over 60 at greater risk of B12 deficiency.

Life Extension Lozenge was our top pick for best lozenge as it is third-party tested, non-GMO, and the company is NSF-registered — you can trust this product to be high quality, gluten-free, and true to its label. Plus, it’s a vegetarian formula.

One drawback is that it contains both xylitol and sorbitol, two sugar alcohols used as sweeteners. Since the lozenge is small and the dose is one lozenge to provide 1,000 mcg or 1 milligram (mg) of vitamin B12, the amount of sugar alcohol you consume is likely very small. But it’s important to note that in large quantities, such sugar alcohols can have a laxative effect and cause gastrointestinal upset.

 The bottom line is to not consume more than the recommended dose by your healthcare provider and stop using if any discomfort occurs.

Best for Vegans

Complement Vegan Triple B12 Liquid Spray

$18.40 at Amazon
$23Now 20% Off

Pros

  • Third-party tested
  • 100 percent vegan
  • Sustainable glass bottle
  • A portion of supplement sales go to nonprofit organizations

Cons

  • Large dose per serving
  • Raspberry flavor some may not like

Key Specs

  • Delivery form: Spray
  • Dosage: 3 sprays
  • Servings per container: 60
  • Price: $23.30
  • Third-party tested: Yes
This B12 spray is our top pick for vegans as it contains three bioavailable forms of B12: adenosylcobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, and methylcobalamin. There is some debate about whether certain forms of B12 — like adenosylcobalamin or — are better absorbed than cyanocobalamin, which is synthetic, but there is no definitive consensus.

Sapna Peruvemba, RDN, a vegan dietitian, states, “If you're vegan or mostly plant-based, you’re not getting enough B12, so it's essential to supplement. Research consistently shows that B12 supplementation improves B12 levels in vegans and helps prevent deficiency symptoms like fatigue and neurological issues.”

Complement Vegan Triple B12 spray is easy to take (three sprays and you’re done — no pills required). Studies show sublingual sprays may absorb better than a capsule or intramuscular (IM) injections.

 It’s also third-party tested, so you can trust its purity and potency. If you or your healthcare provider are concerned about the 1,500 mcg dose per three sprays, you can always decrease the total sprays to meet your needs better.

Per the site, Complement touts itself as a vegan brand specializing in “complementing” plant-based diets. Every month, a portion of the proceeds of supplement sales goes to Living With Harmony Animal Sanctuary and One Tree Planted.

Best Budget-Friendly

NOW Foods B-12 Lozenges

$9.49 at Amazon
$9.99Now 5% Off

Pros

  • Third-party tested
  • Free of top 8 allergens
  • Easy to take lozenge form
  • Less than $0.10 a serving
  • Contains folate

Cons

  • Contains sorbitol
  • It contains some ingredient fillers

Key Specs

  • Delivery form: Lozenge
  • Dosage: 1 lozenge
  • Servings per container: 100 or 250
  • Price: $9.99 or $21.99 (pending bottle size)
  • Third-party tested: Yes

For those seeking a budget-friendly option, NOW Foods delivers. Peruvemba states, “NOW B12 lozenges are trusted by many dietitians and come in a sublingual form, which means they're absorbed directly into your bloodstream, similar to a spray. It’s affordable, reliable, and easy to consume — perfect if you don’t like swallowing pills,” she says.

Being third-party tested, free of the top 8 allergens, and coming in at less than $0.10 per 1,000 mcg serving (when you purchase the 250-count bottle), NOW Foods B12 Lozenge wins in the budget-friendly category.

The supplement also contains folic acid, which works with B12 to control high homocysteine levels.

 Elevated homocysteine can increase your risk of cardiovascular disease.

With 100 mcg of folic acid per serving, this meets 25 percent of the daily value (DV%) of 400 mcg as the FDA recommends.

One thing to note is that the formula contains some ingredient fillers, as well as xylitol and stevia, as the primary sweeteners. Fillers are often used as bulking agents or coating on a supplement.

 Ideally, we look to products without fillers, as most often fillers serve no functional purpose beyond increasing the product volume. Products with minimal fillers will give you the most concentrated and effective version of the beneficial ingredients. But sometimes the manufacturing process does require their use. Be sure to check all nutrition labels to be aware of all ingredients, in addition to the vitamin or mineral dose.

Best Dissolving Tablet

Nature’s Bounty Quick Dissolve B-12

$9.49 at Amazon
$11.89Now 20% Off

Pros

  • Third-party tested
  • Free of artificial flavors, dairy, soy, and gluten
  • It dissolves in under 30 seconds
  • Large dose per serving
  • Vegetarian 

Cons

  • Cherry flavor some may dislike
  • Includes added fillers

Key Specs

  • Delivery form: Dissolving tablet
  • Dosage: 1 tablet
  • Servings per container: 75
  • Price: $13
  • Third-party tested: Yes
Nature’s Bounty Quick Dissolve B12 can be an easy and effective treatment of B12 deficiency. These cherry-flavored tablets are absorbed in your mouth (under your tongue) in less than 30 seconds. A benefit of sublingual absorption is that the stomach is bypassed, and vitamins will make it into the bloodstream quicker.

 This may benefit those with lower levels of intrinsic factor or those who have poor gut absorption due to certain medical conditions or medications.

Nature’s Bounty is third-party tested and free of artificial flavors, dairy, soy, and gluten. One drawback to note is the addition of fillers. Unfortunately, there is no way around this. Certain fillers are necessary to allow for the disintegration component of the tablet, helping it break apart when placed under the tongue.

As 2,500 mcg is well above the RDA of 2.6 mcg, consult a healthcare provider if you are thinking about supplementing. While toxicity is unlikely, you do not want to supplement if it is unnecessary.

Best Capsule

Thorne Vitamin B12

$22.80 at Amazon
$24Now 5% Off

Pros

  • Third-party tested
  • NSF-certified
  • Gluten-free, dairy-free and soy-free
  • Bioavailable form of B12

Cons

  • Potential for multiple daily doses based on need

Key Specs

  • Delivery form: Capsule
  • Dosage: 1 capsule, 1–3 times daily
  • Servings per container: 60
  • Price: $22
  • Third-party tested: Yes
Thorne’s vitamin B12 capsules provide 1,000 mcg of methylcobalamin, a highly bioavailable form of B12 per capsule. Methylcobalamin is the naturally occurring form of B12 found in foods and is readily available for the body to utilize.

Thorne vitamin B12 is third-party tested and NSF-certified, verifying that what is in the package matches the label. This certification also confirms that the formula does not contain unsafe contaminants, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and microorganisms. It is also free of gluten, dairy, and soy.

When starting any new supplementation, it is important to review the dosing with a qualified healthcare provider. One capsule of this product provides 1,000 mcg or 41,667 percent of the daily value, as the FDA recommends. The directions on the bottle suggest taking one capsule one to three times daily or as recommended by your healthcare provider. For someone deficient in vitamin B12, your provider may recommend a larger starting dose to increase your value quickly before leveling out on a maintenance dose. Therefore, this product may require multiple daily doses to meet specific needs at the beginning of supplementation. For most of the population, though, one capsule is more than enough to meet vitamin B12 requirements if someone is not consuming enough B12 through their diet.

Best Whole-Food

Garden of Life Vitamin Code Raw B-12

$12.63 at Amazon
$16.15Now 22% Off

Pros

  • Third-party tested
  • Non-GMO verified
  • Blend of 23 organic fruits and vegetables
  • Includes probiotics and enzymes for gut support
  • Free of artificial flavors, sweeteners, additives, binders, or fillers 

Cons

  • High price per serving

Key Specs

  • Delivery form: Capsule
  • Dosage: 1 capsule daily
  • Servings per container: 30
  • Price: $15.19
  • Third-party tested: Yes
Garden of Life’s Vitamin Code Raw B-12 is a whole food supplement that delivers 1,000 mcg of methylcobalamin, the form of vitamin B12 naturally found in foods.

Vitamin Code supplements are formulated with a powdered whole-food base of 23 organic fruits and vegetables. This blend also includes live probiotics and enzymes to assist digestion and support gut health, reducing symptoms such as gas, bloating, and abdominal discomfort.

Garden of Life’s Vitamin Code Raw B-12 capsules are third-party tested, non-GMO Project Verified, Star K Kosher, and NSF Certified Gluten-Free. The formula is free of artificial flavors, sweeteners, additives, binders, or fillers.

With a recommended dosage of one capsule daily, the bottle provides a 30-day supply. For $15.19 a bottle, this breaks down to $0.51 a serving. This product is one of the more expensive supplements per serving on our list; however, if you are looking for a whole food formula, Garden of Life’s Vitamin Code Raw B-12 provides everything you want without ingredients you don’t.

Comparison Table

Superlative
Third-Party Tested?
Highlights
Best spray
Yes
  • Third-party tested
  • Certified USDA Organic and Clean Label Project
  • 120-day supply
  • Easy to take form (spray)
Best liquid
  • Third-party tested
  • Certified non-GMO
  • Free of soy, dairy, gluten, and major allergens
  • Easy to take form (liquid)
  • Unflavored
Best gummy
  • Third-party tested
  • Certified USP
  • Free of gluten, artificial sweeteners, flavors, and high-fructose corn syrup
  • Easy to take form (gummy)
  • Dosage flexibility
Carlyle Vitamin B12, 100 mcg
Best low-dose
  • Third-party tested
  • Certified non-GMO and USDA Organic
  • Free of gluten, dairy, soy, artificial colors, flavors and preservatives
  • Low-dose option
Best lozenge
  • Third-party tested
  • Certified non-GMO and registered with NSF International
  • Gluten-free
  • Lozenge can be chewed or allowed to dissolve
Best for vegans
  • Third-party tested
  • 100 percent vegan
  • Sustainable glass bottle
  • A portion of supplement sales go to nonprofit organizations
Best budget-friendly
  • Third-party tested
  • Free of top 8 allergens
  • Easy-to-take form
  • Less than $0.10 a serving
  • Contains folate
Best dissolving tablet
  • Third-party tested
  • Free of artificial flavors, dairy, soy, and gluten
  • Dissolves in under 30 seconds
  • Large dose per serving
Best capsule
  • Third-party tested
  • NSF-certified
  • Gluten-free, dairy-free, and soy-free
  • Bioavailable form of B12
Best whole-food
  • Third-party tested
  • Non-GMO verified
  • 23 organic powdered fruits and vegetables
  • Includes probiotics and enzymes for gut support
  • Free of artificial flavors, sweeteners, additives, binders, or fillers

Other Noteworthy B12 Supplement Companies

Throughout this vitamin B12 supplement review, we researched more than 30 supplement options to find the best ones. We vetted each supplement through our experts, narrowing down a single winner for each category.

There were a few supplements that we evaluated that were noteworthy, even if they did not make our final list of the best picks. These include:

  • OLLY Daily Energy Gummy When we reviewed it, we liked that it is third-party tested, certified by NSF, and gluten-free. But it ultimately didn’t make our list as two gummies provide 300 mcg (our gummy pick provided 1000 mcg per 2 gummies).
  • Live Conscious Vegan Vitamin B12 Sublingual Liquid Drops When we reviewed it, we liked that it is lactose-free, gluten-free, soy-free, and non-GMO. But it ultimately did not make our list, because one serving provides 5,000 mcg of vitamin B12. This dose is over 200,000 percent above the DV.
  • HUM B12 Turbo When we reviewed it, we liked that it is third-party tested and free of milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, artificial flavors, colors, and preservatives. But it ultimately didn’t make our list as it is one of the pricier formulas, breaking down to $0.48 a serving.

How We Reviewed the Best Vitamin B12 Supplements

As a registered dietitian, I strive to make nutrition information accessible to readers. I am constantly reading new research and nutrition information, working to understand how I can educate and apply it to patient care. When selecting our top picks, brands that provide high-quality, third-party-tested products are paramount.

To create this list of 10 supplements, I reviewed more than 30 different products and consulted other experts in the field to consider their expertise and top picks.

Experts included:

  1. Alyssa Pacheco, RD, of the PCOS Nutritionist Alyssa
  2. Sapna Peruvemba, RDN, a vegan dietitian and the founder of Health by Sapna

What to Look For When Buying B12 Supplements

With the abundance of B12 supplements currently on the market, there are a few factors to consider when shopping for the right one.

  • Third-party testing: This ensures the product meets safety, potency, and purity standards, so you know exactly what you're putting into your body. Organizations that offer third-party testing include:
    • NSF International is a product testing, inspection, and certification organization for public health standards.
    • NSF for Sport is an independent third-party certification program helping athletes make safer decisions when choosing sports supplements.
    • USP is an independent scientific nonprofit organization that aims to help protect patient safety in the world's medicines, dietary supplements, and foods.
    • ConsumerLab evaluates consumer products relating to health, wellness, and nutrition, providing independent test results and information to help consumers and healthcare professionals identify the best products.
    • Informed Choice is a global quality assurance and third-party supplement testing program designed to minimize the risks of dietary supplement products from contamination with prohibited and potentially harmful substances.

  • Bioavailability: Regarding B12, the most common form in dietary supplements is cyanocobalamin, a synthetic form of vitamin B12.

     You may also see adenosylcobalamin, methylcobalamin, and hydroxycobalamin.

    For the majority of the population, all B12 forms are shown to have similar bioavailabilities and physiological effects.

  • The presence of artificial additives such as flavors, colors, and fillers: Simply put, the fewer, the better.
  • Price: Be sure to do the math. While some price points may not be much, the supplement may only have a 30-day supply. Be sure to check the dosage, total servings, and servings per container and then compare prices.
  • Form of the supplement: Whether it’s a spray, chewable, tablet, or liquid, choose a format you’re comfortable with — especially if you don’t like swallowing pills.
  • It fits your lifestyle: If you are vegan or vegetarian, be sure to find products that are, in fact, certified vegan and without animal products. If you forget to take supplements, do not opt for one that requires multiple daily doses to meet your needs. Find a one-per-day option.
  • Limited or no sugar: Sugar is added to improve taste in some supplements. As sugar can increase your risk of tooth decay, it’s advisable to find a supplement with limited or no added sugar if possible.

Are B12 Supplements FDA-Approved?

No, the FDA does not approve B12 or any dietary supplements for safety or effectiveness.

 The FDA employs periodic inspections of manufacturing facilities to ensure they practice under Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) guidelines, which is why some companies may report they are cGMP or Certified for Good Manufacturing Practices. Third-party testing is the gold standard to ensure supplements are pure and safe.

Which Form of B12 Is Right for Me?

There’s a lot of debate about whether certain forms of B12 — like adenosylcobalamin or methylcobalamin — are better absorbed than cyanocobalamin, which is synthetic. Some studies suggest that adenosylcobalamin and methylcobalamin might be more efficiently absorbed since they are both bioavailable forms. Still, the difference may not be significant enough to recommend one over the other.

Peruvemba prefers to “look for supplements with a combination of B12 forms to maximize absorption.”
When deciding between a liquid, spray, sublingual tablet, or gummy — ultimately, it's about what works best for you. There is evidence that sublingual B12 may be better absorbed than other forms; however, more research needs to be done.

How Much Vitamin B12 Do I Need?

The recommended dietary allowance is 2.4 mcg for adults, 0.4 to 2.4 mcg for children, 2.6 mcg during pregnancy, and 2.8 mcg during lactation.

There is no tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin B12 because there is no established toxic level. This is because the body excretes excess amounts of vitamin B12 through urine, and it's generally considered safe to consume in large doses.

But with toxicity being a low concern, it is still important to only supplement if necessary and to consult with a healthcare provider before starting a new supplement routine.

FAQ

What is vitamin B12?
Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin that aids in red blood cell formation, DNA synthesis, healthy nervous system function, mood support, energy production, and immune health.

Vitamin B12 is found naturally in animal-based foods, including fish, meat, poultry, eggs and dairy. Breakfast cereals and nutritional yeast are foods that do not naturally contain B12 but are fortified with vitamin B12.

Vitamin B12 deficiency can include the hallmark megaloblastic anemia and low counts of white and red blood cells, platelets, or a combination; glossitis of the tongue; fatigue; palpitations; pale skin; dementia; weight loss; and infertility. You can also experience neurological changes, such as numbness and tingling in the hands and feet.
The body doesn't produce vitamin B12 naturally, so getting it through food or supplements is important. Adults over 60 are at an increased risk of B12 deficiency because intrinsic factor production decreases with age, lessening the absorption potential for B12. Other at-risk populations include those with gastrointestinal disorders or a history of gastrointestinal surgery caused by limited absorption. Vegetarians and vegans are also at risk of deficiency because of limited or no animal product consumption, because these are natural B12 food sources.

Why Trust Everyday Health

We independently investigate and recommend products and services we believe will enrich the lives of our readers and meet their specific needs. You can trust our reviews because we do the legwork for you. Read more about why you can trust us.

Brittany Scanniello, RD

Author

Brittany Scanniello is a freelance writer, registered dietitian-nutritionist, and owner of Eat Simply Nutrition, a Colorado-based integrative nutrition company and private practice.

As a lifelong and collegiate athlete, Brittany has always kept fitness and nutrition a top priority. Her expertise lies in pediatrics, sports, and functional nutrition, though she is experienced in all nutrition-related matters. She strongly believes that food has the power to reduce the risk of chronic disease and help people feel energized so she works hard to make nutrition information accessible and easy to understand for all.

Brittany received her undergraduate degree in human nutrition and dietetics from University of North Carolina in Greensboro. She also completed a dietetic internship to become a registered dietitian at UC Davis Medical Center in Sacramento, California.

As a freelance nutrition and fitness writer, her work has been published in Eat This Not That, PopSugar, and other outlets. She is the author of The Complete Macro Cookbook.

When Brittany is not counseling clients or writing, she enjoys working on her family's farm, golfing, playing with her three kids, and baking.

EDITORIAL SOURCES
Everyday Health follows strict sourcing guidelines to ensure the accuracy of its content, outlined in our editorial policy. We use only trustworthy sources, including peer-reviewed studies, board-certified medical experts, patients with lived experience, and information from top institutions.
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