The 9 Best Children's Multivitamins, Approved by a Pediatric Dietitian

The 9 Best Children's Multivitamins, Approved by a Pediatric Dietitian

A healthy diet that includes a variety of nutrient-rich foods is important to support children’s physical and cognitive development. However, getting kids and adolescents to follow a consistent, healthy diet can be hard. Most kids don't eat enough nutrient-dense foods, according to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.

A children's multivitamin can fill in some gaps for kids who aren’t getting the necessary nutrients through diet, perhaps due to medical conditions, restricted diets, limited appetites, or selective eating, and help ensure that they have what they need to thrive. Data from a nutrition analysis published in 2020 found that 24 percent of children and adolescents take multivitamins.

Children’s vitamin supplements come in many forms, including gummies, tablets, liquids, and powders, with different claims, potencies, ingredients, and vitamins and minerals included. Choosing the best multivitamin can be daunting, so we created this guide that considers all of the key factors to select the multivitamin that's best for your child. Here are our top recommendations, vetted by a registered dietitian who specializes in pediatric nutrition.

When Should You Consult Your Pediatrician or Registered Dietitian?

While multivitamins are generally safe for most kids, it’s always best to consult your child’s healthcare provider before starting or changing any nutritional supplements. A pediatrician or registered dietitian familiar with your child's health history can recommend an appropriate multivitamin for your child and review any potential interactions with other medications and supplements. They may even recommend skipping a multivitamin if they believe that your child already has a well-rounded diet from all food groups or advise what nutrients are best to focus on.

Our Top Picks for Pediatric Multivitamins

Best Liquid

Mary Ruth's Organic Kids Multivitamin Liposomal

$24.95 at Amazon
$29.99Now 17% Off

Pros

  • Easy-to-take liquid
  • Organic, vegan
  • Free of many top food allergens
  • Absorbable form of nutrients 

Cons

  • Imprecise measuring
  • Lower amounts of nutrients than other options

Key Specs

  • Form: Liquid
  • Serving size: ½ to 1 tablespoon
  • Recommended age: 4-13
  • Dietary considerations: Vegan, organic, non-GMO, dairy-free, gluten-free, sugar-free
  • Key nutrients: Vitamins A, B, C, D, and E

Mary Ruth's Organic Kids Multivitamin Liposomal is a great liquid for kids who have trouble with chewable tablets or don't like gummies. It is non-GMO, is sugar-free, and comes in a strawberry cherry vanilla flavor with no artificial colors or flavors. It’s also free of many common food allergens, though it is not nut-free.

This liquid multivitamin is best for supplementing children who eat a reasonably varied diet, as it doesn't contain 100 percent of the daily value for any of the included nutrients and might not provide enough vitamins and minerals for highly selective eaters. However, the nutrients in this product are in a liquid liposomal form, which means they are more bioavailable and absorbable than other supplement forms.

 On the other hand, a liquid can be harder to measure accurately and can be messy.

We like that this supplement is third-party verified, made in a facility that's certified as having current good manufacturing practices (cGMPs), and is Clean Label Project certified.

Best for Picky Eaters

Renzo's Picky Eater Multi

$24.69 at Amazon
$25.99Now 5% Off

Pros

  • Contains iron
  • Dissolvable tablet
  • Three flavors
  • Free of the top eight food allergens

Cons

  • Contains sugar alcohols

Key Specs

  • Form: Dissolvable tablet
  • Serving size: ½ tablet to 2 tablets, depending on age
  • Recommended age: 2 and up
  • Dietary considerations: Gluten-free, vegan, sugar-free, free of the top eight allergens
  • Key nutrients: Vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K; iron; zinc

Designed for selective eaters, Renzo's Picky Eater Multi dissolves in a child's mouth or easily mixes into liquids, which may make the vitamin more tolerable for kids with sensory issues, as it doesn't require chewing. It is available in three flavors — orange, green apple, and cherry — so picky eaters have options.

Parents of selective eaters can feel good about this multivitamin because it contains 18 vitamins and minerals, and meets 100 percent of the daily value for many of them. Kids with limited diets can be deficient in iron, and this product also 49 percent of the daily value for iron for small children and 76 percent for kids age 4 and up. It is manufactured in a facility that's certified by the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) and is third-party tested.

This product is vegan, sugar-free, and free of the eight most common allergens, with no artificial colors or flavors. Though no sugar is added, Renzo's Picky Eater Multi is sweetened with monk fruit extract and contains a small amount of sugar alcohols. Some kids may be sensitive to sugar alcohols, especially in high amounts.


Flinstones vitamins

Best Value

Flintstones Complete Chewables Multivitamin

Pros

  • Affordable
  • Chewable, crushable
  • No added sugar
  • Contains iron and calcium

Cons

  • Not appropriate for kids with wheat or soy allergies
  • Have to cut the tablet in half for 2- and 3-year-olds
  • Artificial flavors and colors

Key Specs

  • Form: Tablet
  • Serving size: ½ tablet to 1 tablet, depending on age
  • Recommended age: 2 and up
  • Dietary considerations: Egg-, dairy-, fish-, shellfish-free
  • Key nutrients: Iron; vitamins A, B, C, D, and E; zinc; calcium

Flintstones Complete Chewables Multivitamin is a classic kids' multivitamin that contains more than 17 vitamins and minerals. At about 10 cents per tablet, this vitamin is our pick as the best value for a children's multivitamin.

Most gummies and some chewable multivitamins don't contain iron or calcium, but both are critical nutrients for kids. Each tablet of this Flintstones multivitamin contains 10 milligrams (mg) of iron, meeting between 56 and 71 percent of the daily value for kids, depending on their age. Each tablet also has 140 mg of calcium, which is 10 to 11 percent of the daily value.

This multivitamin comes in fun character shapes to increase kids' interest and is fruit flavored for palatability, with four flavors in each bottle. However, note that the higher iron amount may cause a metallic taste that some kids may not appreciate. It contains no added sugar or high fructose corn syrup, and is free from eggs, dairy, fish, and shellfish, but it does contain artificial colors and flavors.

Best With Probiotics

Garden of Life Vitamin Code Kids Multi Plus Iron Gummies

$18.71 at Amazon
$24.99Now 25% Off

Pros

  • Has some iron
  • Contains probiotics
  • Free of soy, dairy, peanuts, shellfish, gluten

Cons

  • 3 gummies per serving
  • 5 g of added sugar per serving

Key Specs

  • Form: Gummy
  • Serving size: 3 gummies
  • Recommended age: 4 and up
  • Dietary considerations: Probiotics, vegetarian, gluten-free, kosher
  • Key nutrients: Vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K; iron
We like Garden of Life kids multi because it contains 17 vitamins and minerals, plus probiotics, and has 2 mg of iron in each serving, a nutrient that many gummy vitamins lack. This gummy contains the probiotic Bacillus subtilis DE111, a strain that may benefit immune and gastrointestinal health, though more research is needed.

Some of the vitamins and minerals in this multivitamin are from fermented foods, which may increase the bioavailability (how much the body can use and absorb the nutrients).

Additionally, this supplement is Non-GMO Project and third-party verified, so you know it is tested to contain what the label says without harmful contaminants.

This supplement is orange flavored and contains an organic fruit blend and added sugar to enhance the flavor, though our research found mixed reviews on taste.

Best for Kids With Food Allergies

SmartyPants Sugar Free Kids Multi & Omegas

$14.25 at Amazon
$19.99Now 29% Off

Pros

  • Free of the top nine food allergens
  • Contains omega-3 fatty acids
  • Vegetarian

Cons

  • No iron
  • Each bottle contains a 22-day supply 

Key Specs

  • Form: Gummy
  • Serving size: 2 gummies
  • Recommended age: 4 and up
  • Dietary considerations: Vegetarian and free of the top nine allergens
  • Key nutrients: Vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K; zinc

The SmartyPants Sugar Free Kids Multi & Omegas gummy supplement is an appropriate multivitamin for kids with multiple food allergies, as it is certified allergen-free of the top nine allergens — wheat, milk, eggs, peanuts, sesame, tree nuts, shellfish, fish, and soy — and manufactured in an allergy-free environment. This gummy is also non-GMO, is vegetarian, and contains no synthetic colors.

It is available in a strawberry banana flavor, sweetened with monk fruit and allulose instead of sugar. Notably, this multivitamin also contains 2 grams (g) of fiber per serving, which is a nutrient that kids can have a hard time getting enough of.

It also has omega-3 fatty acids from organic flaxseed oil. Omega-3s are essential fatty acids that may have brain and immune health benefits.

The quality of these supplements is backed by third-party testing for each batch; the product is produced in a cGMP facility.

Hiya kids vitamins

Best Subscription

Hiya Kids Daily Multivitamin

Pros

  • Convenient subscription model
  • Sugar-, gluten-, dairy-free
  • Four flavors
  • 1 tablet per serving

Cons

  • Only available through the company website
  • Does not have iron 

Key Specs

  • Form: Chewable tablet
  • Serving size: 1 per day
  • Recommended age: 2 and up
  • Dietary considerations: Non-GMO, gluten-free, dairy-free
  • Key nutrients: Vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K; zinc

The Hiya Kids Daily Multivitamin is a chewable tablet stored in refillable glass bottle. It is available in a 30-day supply via subscription. On top of the convenience, parents can feel good about this multivitamin because it’s manufactured in a cGMP-compliant facility and is third-party tested.

This vitamin contains 15 vitamins and minerals in just one tablet per day, including 1,000 international units of vitamin D per tablet and 25 mg of an organic fruit and vegetable powder blend. Though this product doesn't contain iron and has only minimal calcium, you can add a separate iron supplement to your subscription for kids who don't eat good sources of iron like meats, poultry, or legumes.

This product contains no artificial dyes and is gluten-free, non-GMO, dairy-free, and sugar-free. Instead of sweetening with sugar, Hiya sweetens this product with monk fruit. There are four flavors: cherry, strawberry, tropical, and green apple.

EllaOla Multivitamin

Best Vitamin Powder

EllaOla Kids' Essential Unflavored Multivitamin

Pros

  • Sugar-free
  • Odorless, flavorless
  • Can be added to food or drink
  • Free of the top eight allergens 

Cons

  • No iron
  • Only sold on the company website 

Key Specs

  • Form: Powder
  • Serving size: 1 sachet
  • Recommended age: 4 and up
  • Dietary considerations: Vegan, gluten-free, free of the top nine allergens
  • Key nutrients: Vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K

EllaOla Kids' Essential Unflavored Multivitamin is an odorless and colorless powder supplement. The powder form makes it easy to mix in drinks or moist foods, whether warm or cold, which may be preferred by kids who are selective eaters. Additionally, the powder reduces the risk of choking for children who struggle with chewing or swallowing tablets.

This multivitamin contains a fruit and veggie powder blend, and 19 vitamins and minerals, including 100 percent of the daily value of vitamin D for kids 4 and up. However, this vitamin does not contain iron or calcium, essential minerals that may be lacking in the diet of limited eaters.

This EllaOla vitamin is vegan, gluten-free, and sugar-free, and it contains none of the top nine allergens. The quality of this multivitamin is confirmed by third-party testing, and it is manufactured in a cGMP and NSF-certified facility.

Best With Iron for Babies and Toddlers

Enfamil Poly-Vi-Sol Multivitamin Drops With Iron

$8.68 at Amazon
$10.99Now 21% Off

Pros

  • Good source of iron
  • Free of milk, eggs, peanuts, fish, shellfish, soy, wheat
  • Easy to add to liquids or foods

Cons

  • Doesn’t have other minerals
  • No flavor to disguise the taste

Key Specs

  • Form: Liquid
  • Serving size: 1 ml
  • Recommended age: Infants and up
  • Dietary considerations: Free of sugar, gluten, milk, eggs, peanuts, fish, shellfish, soy, and wheat
  • Key nutrients: Vitamins A, B, C, D, and E; iron

Enfamil Poly-Vi-Sol Multivitamin Drops With Iron are our top choice for a liquid supplement for babies and toddlers who need iron supplementation. Before giving any supplement to babies or toddlers, you should consult with your pediatrician first.

With the dropper, you can give 1 milliliter (ml) of this supplement directly into your child's mouth or mix it into a liquid or food. The source of iron is ferrous sulfate, a bioavailable form of iron, and each serving has 11 mg of iron, which meets 100 percent of the daily value for iron for infants and 157 percent of the daily value for 1- to 3-years-olds.

For infants primarily fed breast milk, supplementing with iron in addition to vitamin D may be necessary if they don't consume adequate iron-rich complementary foods at about 6 months. According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 77 percent of infants fed human milk have inadequate iron intake after 6 months of age, which can affect growth and neurological development.

 While it is possible to eat enough iron-rich foods like fortified rice or oat cereal, meats, and lentils, not all infants are ready or able to consume adequate amounts of iron-rich foods when needed, making an iron supplement at this age especially helpful.

In addition to iron, this liquid vitamin also provides 400 international units of vitamin D; vitamins A, C, and E; and some B vitamins. This supplement is widely available, made by a trusted brand, and recommended often by pediatricians and hospitals.

Best Vitamin D for Babies

Baby Ddrops

$11.97 at Walmart
$11.99

Pros

  • 100 percent of the daily value of vitamin D in one drop
  • Free of common food allergens
  • No artificial flavors or colors, chemicals, or preservatives

Cons

  • Drop takes a few seconds to dispense from the bottle
  • More than one serving is released from the bottle at times 

Key Specs

  • Form: Liquid
  • Serving size: 1 drop
  • Recommended age: Infants
  • Dietary considerations: Organic, Non-GMO Project verified
  • Key nutrients: Vitamin D
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends 400 international units of supplemental vitamin D per day for all infants who are exclusively fed human breast milk or those who are fed formula but are not yet taking around 32 ounces per day.

While formula is fortified with vitamin D, human milk doesn't contain sufficient amounts. If you think your baby may need a vitamin D supplement, ask your pediatrician before starting this supplement.

Baby Ddrops is our top choice for vitamin D for babies due to its high quality and ease of use. This vitamin D supplement has a simple ingredient list of only coconut oil and vitamin D, so you can feel good giving it to your baby. It's also certified organic with none of the top allergens and is third-party certified by the NSF. In addition, one drop provides 100 percent of the recommended vitamin D dose for babies, while many brands require a larger serving size.

Baby Ddrops can be put on the nipple while breastfeeding or added to pumped breast milk, formula, or another liquid or food if developmentally appropriate for your baby. I use this vitamin D supplement for my infant and find the drops simple to use. My baby takes the drop without seeming to notice any taste, and I appreciate the convenience of the small serving size and how easy it is to administer to a squirmy baby.

Comparison Table

Best
Form
Recommended Age
Key Nutrients
Liquid
Liquid
4-13
Vitamins A, B, C, D, and E
For Picky Eaters
Dissolvable tablet
2 and up
Vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K; iron; zinc
Value
Chewable tablet
2 and up
Vitamins A, B, C, D, and E; iron; zinc; calcium
With Probiotics
Gummy
4 and up
Vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K; iron
For Kids With Food Allergies
Gummy
4 and up
Vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K; zinc
Subscription
Chewable tablet
2 and up 
Vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K; zinc
Vitamin Powder
Powder
4 and up
Vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K
With Iron for Babies and Toddlers
Liquid
Infants and up 
Vitamins A, B, C, D, and E; iron
Vitamin D for Babies
Liquid
Infants
Vitamin D

How We Chose the Best Children's Multivitamins

To choose the best multivitamins for kids, we considered the amounts and variety of nutrients included, the value, the serving size, the quality of ingredients, the allergens, third-party testing, the form of the vitamin, and the flavor and palatability.

As a registered dietitian who specializes in pediatric nutrition, I've had more than 13 years of experience working with kids and their parents. In that time, I've researched vitamin and mineral supplements for babies, toddlers, and older children, ranging from somewhat selective eaters to children with complex healthcare needs.

What to Look for When Buying Children's Multivitamins

To choose an appropriate multivitamin, consider your child's developmental stage and why they might need a supplement. Be sure to check these factors when choosing between options.

Form

Multivitamins for children come in many forms, including gummies, chewable tablets, powders, and liquids. Not all children are able or willing to chew a tablet. For those kids, consider a gummy or an alternative, like a powder that can be mixed into foods. For infants and toddlers, liquid options are usually the most appropriate.

Recommended Ages

Choose a multivitamin intended for children, as adult supplements may provide too much of certain nutrients. To ensure that the multivitamin matches your child's nutrition needs, check the recommended age on the label and give the dose recommended for your child's age group.

Serving Size

Read the supplement label carefully. Some multivitamins require just one tablet or gummy, while others require several per serving. Some kids might be fine chewing two tablets or a few gummies, but others might only be willing to take one per day.

Dosage

Try to find a product that has a range of vitamins and minerals that complement what’s lacking in your child’s diet, but avoid multivitamins with megadoses of vitamins or minerals unless recommended by your healthcare provider. A quick way to check is by looking at the supplement label and finding how much of the daily value each vitamin or mineral provides. The daily value is the recommended amount of a nutrient to meet or not exceed each day, and the percentage of the daily value is how much a single serving of the food or product contributes to the daily diet goal.

If several vitamins or minerals provide more than 100 percent of the daily value, the supplement might offer more than is necessary for your child — and when it comes to supplements, more is not better.

Allergens

Read supplement labels carefully if your child has any known food allergies. Allergy-friendly vitamins list the allergens the product is free from on the packaging and may indicate if the product was manufactured in an allergy-friendly facility. Look for certified gluten-free products if your child has a gluten intolerance or allergy, or for dairy-free options if your child has a milk or whey allergy. If they have multiple food allergies, look for a supplement free from the top nine allergens.

Ingredients

Some multivitamins for kids have added sugar to improve their taste. For instance, gummy vitamins are often well accepted by children but tend to have sugar added to make them taste good. Compare brands to choose a sugar-free multivitamin or one with minimal added sugars. Also, read the ingredients to check for anything you might not want your child to have, like artificial flavors, colors, or preservatives.

Third-Party Testing and Quality Assurances

Look for multivitamins that have higher standards for quality and have undergone third-party testing to ensure they contain what the label says. Some indicators of this are products made in cGMP facilities and those that NSF or Clean Label Project certified.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration enforces cGMP regulations and ensures that companies adhere to strict safety and quality standards.

NSF certification indicates that a diet or nutrition product has high safety and quality standards that are independently verified.

 Clean Label Project certification means a product is third-party tested for contaminants and toxins, and verifies that the product contains what's on the label.

What Are the Benefits of Giving Your Child a Multivitamin?

Vitamin supplements don't replace a healthy diet but can help add what's missing, especially for selective eaters and kids with limited diets. If your child doesn't eat a variety of nutrient-dense foods most days, such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds, lean meats and poultry, and low-fat dairy, they may be lacking some key nutrients. Some studies have found that selective eaters eat less than the recommended amounts of key nutrients like iron and zinc.

Kids are at risk for nutrient deficiencies if their diet lacks key nutrients long term. Adding a multivitamin could reduce the pressure that you and your child feel to meet the ideal number of servings of each food group daily, especially while you're working on increasing diet variety and exploring new foods and textures.

What Vitamins and Minerals Should I Look for in a Children’s Multivitamin?

If you suspect that your child needs a multivitamin, look for a kids' supplement that contains the nutrients of concern for your child's age. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans list several nutrients as public health concerns.

 For infants older than 6 months who are eating foods, the nutrients of concern that can be found in multivitamins include iron, zinc, vitamin D, choline, and potassium. For toddlers and older kids, the nutrients of concern are usually vitamin D, calcium, and potassium. If they are selective eaters, iron and zinc may be a concern.

If your child isn't eating a variety of foods or is missing foods from one or more food groups, look for a complete multivitamin that contains a wide range of vitamins and minerals. Gummy vitamins aren't always the best option for kids with limited diets unless they won't accept another form of vitamin, as some nutrients, like iron, aren't typically included in gummies.

Most multivitamins don’t have much calcium. If your child doesn’t eat dairy products, plant-based dairy products fortified with calcium, salmon, or leafy dark greens, they might not meet their calcium needs. A healthcare professional can help you determine if a multivitamin with calcium or a separate calcium supplement is needed for your child.

Are There Any Drawbacks to Giving Your Child a Multivitamin?

Giving your child a multivitamin might decrease your motivation to keep working on a healthy diet or offering new foods, and food is the ideal source of most vitamins and minerals.

In general, multivitamins shouldn't cause harm when taken as intended, though interactions with medications are possible with dietary supplements. Before starting a multivitamin, it's best to check with a healthcare provider if your child takes any medications.

There's a risk of toxicity if kids take too much of some vitamins and minerals, especially the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. Some multivitamins taste good to kids and look like candy, so they should always be kept safely out of reach and portioned out daily by an adult.

FAQs

Can a 2-year-old take a multivitamin?
Yes, 2-year-olds can take multivitamins. Read the label to check the suggested age on any multivitamin you consider, and make sure that the form of the vitamin is suitable for your child's chewing and swallowing abilities.
Most pediatric multivitamins are intended for younger children. Kids can usually take an adult multivitamin once they become teenagers, but check with your pediatrician to ensure that it's appropriate for your child to take an adult supplement.
According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, healthy kids who eat a balanced diet don't need a multivitamin in most cases. Children who are selective eaters, have issues with chronic illness, or have restricted diets may need a multivitamin, but ask your healthcare provider before starting a supplement.
Iron is a critical nutrient for kids because it helps red blood cells carry oxygen to all parts of the body. It's important for growth and development, as well as immune function. Children with low iron levels can develop learning issues or have trouble paying attention.

Why Trust Everyday Health

We independently investigate and recommend products and services we believe will enrich the lives of our readers and meet their specific needs. You can trust our reviews because we do the legwork for you. Read more about why you can trust us.

Alexandra Ginos, MBA, RD, CSP, CLC

Author

Alex Ginos is a registered dietitian who specializes in pediatric nutrition. She received a bachelor’s of science in food science and human nutrition from the University of Illinois and completed a dietetic internship at the University of Virginia Health System.

Her 12 years of experience have spanned many areas of nutrition, including caring for children with complex healthcare needs, supporting healthy nutrition habits for families, and diabetes. Though she specializes in pediatric nutrition, she is passionate about helping people of all ages lead a healthy lifestyle.

Alex lives in Philadelphia, and loves to spend time outdoors with her dog, garden, explore new areas, and spend time with friends and family. She also enjoys cooking and trying new foods and recipes.

Daniel Oakley

Fact-Checker

Daniel Oakley is a journalist, editor, and fact-checker. He has written, edited, taught, and produced media for Dow Jones, S&P Global, IHS Markit, Third Coast Studios Magazine, and 826 National.

Oakley's path has always been a health-and-wellness-focused one. A competitive triathlete and racing fundraiser for the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, he also spends summer weekends as an ISA-certified surf instructor and Red Cross professional water rescuer with Laru Beya Collective in Rockaway Beach, which helps kids master and delight in their own backyard — the ocean. It has taught Oakley that “optimizing body and mind” flourishes precisely at the wellspring of community.

Holly Klamer

Holly Klamer

Editor

Holly has been writing about nutrition, fitness, and health since 2011, and she has been writing and editing content for Everyday Health since 2025. Prior to this, she worked as a nutrition editor at Health.

She is also a registered dietitian who has worked in corporate wellness, sports nutrition, and as a restaurant consultant for menu development.

She has a bachelor's and master's degree in nutrition and exercise science from Colorado State University. She ran track and cross country at Central Michigan University and still loves to run and stay active in her free time.

EDITORIAL SOURCES
Everyday Health follows strict sourcing guidelines to ensure the accuracy of its content, outlined in our editorial policy. We use only trustworthy sources, including peer-reviewed studies, board-certified medical experts, patients with lived experience, and information from top institutions.
Resources
  1. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025 and Online Materials. U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. December 2020.
  2. Stierman B et al. Dietary Supplement Use in Children and Adolescents Aged ≤19 Years — United States, 2017–2018. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. October 2020.
  3. Ko J et al. Pharmacokinetic Analyses of Liposomal and Non-Liposomal Multivitamin/Mineral Formulations. Nutrients. July 2023.
  4. Williams N et al. Spore-Based Probiotic Bacillus subtilis: Current Applications in Humans and Future Perspectives. Fermentation. January 2024.
  5. Samtiya M et al. Enhancing Micronutrients Bioavailability through Fermentation of Plant-Based Foods: A Concise Review. Fermentation. April 20, 2021.
  6. Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Office of Dietary Supplements. December 17, 2024.
  7. Iron. Office of Dietary Supplements. October 9, 2024.
  8. Porto A. Vitamin D for Babies, Children & Adolescents. American Academy of Pediatrics. August 2022.
  9. Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. March 5, 2024.
  10. Facts About the Current Good Manufacturing Practice (CGMP). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. January 2025.
  11. Dietary Supplements and Nutritional Products. National Sanitation Foundation.
  12. Clean Label Project Certification. Clean Label Project.
  13. Samuel T. A Narrative Review of Childhood Picky Eating and Its Relationship to Food Intakes, Nutritional Status, and Growth. Nutrients. December 15, 2018.
  14. Calcium. Office of Dietary Supplements. July 24, 2024.
  15. Mixing Medications and Dietary Supplements Can Endanger Your Health. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. June 2022.
Additional Sources