A Tale of Two Studies

A Tale of Two Studies

Separate studies on ultra-processed foods and MS diagnostic improvements spark thoughts.

A Tale of Two Studies
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As I flipped through the past few weeks of research papers that hit my MS inbox, two caught my eye. They are not related studies. In fact, one of them wasn’t about multiple sclerosis (MS) at all, but it sort of was. …

That paper, published on December 5, 2022, in JAMA, looks at cognitive decline related to consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) — which have been defined as industrial foods made almost entirely of substances extracted from foods like oils, fats, sugars, starches, and proteins, or synthesized in labs and factories with few, if any, ingredients that come directly from natural plant or animal foods.

The study didn’t look at MS-related cognitive decline but rather at general cognitive decline in middle-aged and older adults, and it found that such decline can be reduced by limiting intake of UPFs.

The other paper, published online in December 2022 in the journal Neurology, reports that the medical profession has become far better at diagnosing MS over the past 40 years. That improvement is important, as early intervention has been demonstrated to improve long-term outcomes for people with the disease.

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Medications for MS Are Up, Age at Diagnosis Is Down

Why are these two studies strumming a common chord on my myelin-compromised axons? Well, it’s like this …

As an old-timer with the disease now, I have seen many changes in the treatment of MS over the years. Going from just a couple of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) when I was diagnosed — and I know some of our readers remember when there were none — to nearly two dozen DMTs is a perfect example of both how long I’ve lived with MS and how much progress has been made.

I was 35 when I heard the words, “You have multiple sclerosis.” At the time, that was smack-dab in the middle of the average age of diagnosis. Now far more people are diagnosed in their twenties than in their fifties and pediatric MS is a thing.

Early Diagnosis Makes a Difference in Outcome

Linking these two aspects of MS is the understanding that early diagnosis and treatment (using those DMTs) has a profound effect on improving what a person’s MS looks like 20 and 30 years down the road post-diagnosis.

The earlier you know you have MS, the earlier you can begin treatment, and the earlier you can begin to make other modifications to your lifestyle to improve your chance at a better life.

Recent MS studies show that shedding a few pounds can be good for long-term prognosis — or at least that putting on extra weight can be bad for progression. That means the second paper I mentioned gives us another early intervention that may be helpful.

Lifestyle Makes a Difference, Too

If UPFs are bad for long-term outcomes in cognitive function for people who don’t have MS, then they must be for us as well. And let’s remember that cognitive decline (sometimes called cog fog) is an accepted symptom of MS.

Early diagnosis — which, according to the Neurology study, occurs four years earlier than it did before 1982, with 80 percent of people being diagnosed within one year of symptom onset — allows patients and doctors to treat the disease earlier in the disease’s progression.

Knowing of other health course corrections — like reducing the amount of ultra-processed foods in our diets — that reduce some MS-similar symptoms in non-MS patients can only be helpful as well.

Now, it must be said that there is no proof that the mechanism of UPF-related cognitive decline is the same as MS-related decline. But if we know that MS can cause this decline, and UPFs can cause it, too, why would we risk layering the two?

So two studies that may not be related to one another in their origins or methodology seem to make sense to put in the same chapter as I file away more things about MS that as our old pal Rusty used to say in her comments, “Make you go, ‘Hmmmmm.’”

Wishing you and your family the best of health.

Cheers,

Trevis

Important: The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and not Everyday Health.

Trevis Gleason

Author

Trevis L. Gleason is an award-winning chef, writer, consultant, and instructor who was diagnosed with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis in 2001. He is an active volunteer and ambassador for the National Multiple Sclerosis Society and speaks to groups, both large and small, about living life fully with or without a chronic illness. He writes for a number of MS organizations, like The Multiple Sclerosis Society of Ireland, and has been published in The Irish Times, Irish Examiner, Irish Independent, The Lancet, and The New England Journal of Medicine.

His memoir, Chef Interrupted, won the Prestige Award of the International Jury at the Gourmand International World Cookbook Awards, and his book, Dingle Dinners, represented Ireland in the 2018 World Cookbook Awards. Apart from being an ambassador MS Ireland and the Blas na hÉireann Irish Food Awards, Gleason is a former U.S. Coast Guard navigator. Gleason lives in Seattle, Washington and County Kerry, Ireland with his wife, Caryn, and their two wheaten terriers, Sadie and Maggie.